論著
護理干預對門診盆腔炎患者心理狀況的影響研究
李雪玲
【摘要】 【摘要】目的 研究護理干預對門診盆腔炎患者心理狀況的影響，以此為患者選擇最佳護理方案。方法 選擇我院門診接收的100例盆腔炎患者作為研究對象，隨機將100例盆腔炎患者分作對照組與觀察組，分別實施常規護理與心理護理干預，各取50例，經過1個月護理干預后，對比不同護理措施后對兩組心理狀況的影響情況。
【關鍵字】 護理干預,門診,盆腔炎,心理狀況,影響,研究
中圖分類號：文獻標識碼：文章編號：
[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of nursing intervention on the psychological status of outpatient patients with pelvic inflammatory disease, so as to select the best nursing program for patients. Method 100 patients with pelvic inflammation were selected as the research object. 100 patients with pelvic inflammation were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group. Routine nursing and psychological nursing intervention were carried out in 50 patients each. After one month of nursing intervention, the effects of different nursing measures on the psychological status of the two groups were compared. Result Before nursing, there was no difference in SAS and SDS scores between the two groups (P>0.05); after one month of nursing, SAS and SDS scores in the observation group were better than those in the control group, and there was significant difference in SAS and SDS scores between the two groups (P<0.05); the cure rate in the observation group was 94% higher than 74% in the control group, and there was significant difference in the therapeutic effect between the two groups (P<0.05)；After nursing, the scores of quality of life (energy, pain, emotion, sleep, social activity, physical activity) of the observation group were better than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); the nursing service satisfaction of the observation group was 100% 80% higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Nursing intervention has a greater impact on the psychological status of outpatient patients with pelvic inflammatory disease. It can effectively improve the patients'anxiety, depression and other negative emotions, thereby improving the clinical treatment effect. It shows that psychological nursing intervention can reduce the impact of adverse psychology on pelvic inflammatory disease, better play the pharmacodynamic and psychological effects, and can be applied in clinical practice.
盆腔炎為婦科常見感染性疾病，具有反復發作、遷延不愈等特點，臨床多表現出盆腔腹膜和周邊結締組織、生殖器官等炎癥，會導致異位妊娠，甚至不孕不育等疾病，嚴重危害了女性的身心健康。慢性盆腔炎多為急性盆腔炎未徹底治愈[1]，個別患者體質差等因素導致，給予常規的抗生素治療不能取得理想的效果，不僅影響到女性個體，甚至對家庭、社會也會產生嚴重的不良影響。有研究發現，慢性盆腔炎在臨床發病率達28%左右[2]，在婦科炎癥性疾病中占到第3位。此病發病原因比較復雜，治療周期較長，患者因病情影響會產生自卑、焦慮、喪失治愈信心等不良情緒，從而影響病情的恢復[3]。本次研究中取門診接收的100例盆腔炎患者分作兩組，分別實施不同的護理干預措施，將護理結果進行對比，分析如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料：選擇我院門診2017年3月至2019年3月接收的100例盆腔炎患者作為研究對象，根據隨機數字法，將100例盆腔炎患者分作對照組與觀察組，各取50例。對照組年齡21~35歲，平均（26.2±2.1）歲；病程1~12個月，平均（9.2±1.8）月；文化程度：本科及以上8例，大專22例，高中10例，初中及以下10例；已婚40例，未婚10例；孕次1~3次，平均（1.31±0.62）次；觀察組年齡22~35歲，平均（26.8±2.2）歲；病程1~12個月，平均（8.9±2.0）月；文化程度：本科及以上9例，大專23例，高中9例，初中及以下9例；已婚39例，未婚11例；孕次1~3次，平均（1.29±0.68）次；兩組基礎資料對比，無顯著差異（P＞0.05），具可比性。
納入標準：入選所有對象均為我院門診接收的患者，符合《婦產科學》第7版慢性盆腔炎相關診斷標準，均知情本次研究并簽署同意書，經醫院倫理委員會同意后分組研究。排除標準：排除了合并其他疾病的患者，精神障礙，資料不完整，不配合研究的患者。
1.2 方法：對照組與觀察組實施相同治療方案，由同組護士給予護理干預，心理狀況評分從接受治療第1日開始，根據SAS、SDS進行評估，再對護理后1個月對心理狀態評分進行評估。其中對照組實施常規護理，指導盆腔炎患者經期、孕期、產褥期等不同時期需要注意的事項，對疼痛嚴重的患者應用止痛藥，對已婚女性指導性生活中注意個人衛生，根據醫囑執行各項護理操作[4]。觀察組在常規護理基礎上增加護理干預措施，護理人員對患者實施一對一交流溝通，為患者靜滴時、理療時均密切觀察患者的病情，使患者接受治療過程中得到安全感，具體干預措施如下：
